It finally worked on my MacBook Air M1! I had to first install Samsung printer drivers for Catalina from Apple, but it's not enough. One needs to manually copy several folders and files from an older computer where the printer already works (ML-1630W in my case) from /Library/Printers/Samsung/ and /Library/Printers/PPDs/ that are not in the same path as the newer Catalina drivers AND at the same time correct the owners and permissions (I used BatchMod to go faster). For the correct path you can, on the older Mac, uncompress /Library/Printers/PPDs/Contents/Resources/name_of_your_printer.gz, then open the file in a raw text editor and see what are the paths that differ from the newer Catalina driver, and copy these files at the right place on your M1 Mac (I used Airdrop to go faster). You need to first open permissions and propagate them to included items, otherwise files won't copy properly. Then reassign correct owner & permissions on the target Mac. It eventually worked, but what a mess!
... is er toch iemand in geslaagd om een oude printer. (ik heb een Brother HL-5150D) aan de praat te krijgen met MacOS Ventura?
Zelf een nieuwe gekocht: Brother HL-L2375DW.